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CREATE a powerpoint with WORD ... It's a five-minute presentation about COPD. I will attach my paper that i wrote to go along with the powerpoint. Make it correspond with the paper. I have to make a 100 on this powerpoint. make it very simple/ but yet very good.
Running Head: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Miranda Ross
John Sherman (Anatomy and Physiology 2)
Haywood Community College 1 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 2 Introduction
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death in the
United States. Did you know that a person in the US dies every four minutes due to COPD.
Millions of people are diagnosed with COPD; with others not realizing that they even have this
disease. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease affects the lungs.
The lungs are an organ that is located within the thorax. They contain the elastic sacs
(alveoli) where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. Lungs are covered by a
thin tissue layer (pleura). Small blood vessel, called capillaries, run through the walls of the
alveoli. When air reaches the alveoli, oxygen passes through the alveoli walls and into the
bloodstream. Carbon dioxide then moves from the capillaries into the alveoli and gas exchange
takes place. When you breathe in (inspire), each alveolus fills up with oxygen. When you
breathe out (expire), air sacs deflate and moves air out.
In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, less air is able to flow in and out of the
airways. This may be due to damaged walls between airs sacs, airways that are thick and
inflamed, or an excess more mucus. It is a progressive disease that makes it hard to breathe. It is
common in people of all ages, but most common with people who are over 40 years of age and in
men. This disorder results an inadequate supply of oxygen into the body?s tissues, and patients
with the disease rarely realize it. They may notice difficulty doing simple activities, such as
working or gardening. Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of COPD. Long term exposure to
air pollution, chemical fumes, or dust may also contribute to COPD. 2 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 3
Symptoms COPD has many symptoms due to inadequate supply of oxygen into the body?s tissue. A
symptom is exercise intolerance, such as difficulty breathing with physical exercise. The lungs
are not able to supply an adequate amount of oxygen into the body to support such activities
(Nazir & Erbland, 2009).
Another symptom is wheezing. Wheezing can be described as a high pitch sound that is
made while breathing. When a person breathes through a narrow airway, the turbulence results in
vibration of the airway walls, which produces the sound of wheezing. This occurs mostly during
expiration, but sometimes it can occur during inspiration.
COPD patients are affected more during cold winter months. Cold air causes the bronchi
to close, thereby reducing the amount of oxygen supplied into the body. This is sometimes
associated with pain in the chest when breathing. This problem can become serious when it
persists, and the patients are advised to stay warm to prevent worsening.
Frequent coughs can also be experienced in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease. Their cough experiences a sore throat when phlegm, which in most cases never, seems
to go away. The patients can also experience a sore throat when coughing. Phlegm is a thick
substance that is secreted by mucus membranes of the respiratory passages (Littner, 2011).
COPD can also cause headaches, which are sometimes accompanied by a fever. This
causes discomfort in patients with the disease, and may cause them to feel depresses. The fever
can be very serious if not treated at its earlier stages. Patients may also experience colds or the
flu more than usual. Severe COPD can also cause symptoms such as weight loss, lower muscle
stamina, and swelling in your ankles, feet, or legs.
3 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 4
Treatment The most important step you can take to treat COPD is to quit smoking if you smoke. The
sputum or the phlegm experienced when these patients cough can block the patient?s lungs. This
mucus needs to be made less thick to avoid blockage of the bronchi. These patients may be
prescribed a mucolytic medication. This medicine makes the sputum less sticky and thick easier
to cough up. This lessens the congestion in the chest and pain that may develop due to such
obstruction. The drugs are taken regularly and are mostly prescribed for patients with long term
cough problems (Littner, 2011). Doctors will sometimes prescribe an inhaler and breathing
treatments to help the patients as well.
Oxygen Therapy can help you breathe easier if you have severe COPD and low levels of
oxygen. With this therapy, oxygen is delivered via nasal prongs or a mask. Surgery may benefit
some people; it is usually the last resort for people who have not improved from taking
medications. Lung transplant is another option for people with severe COPD. Surgeons remove
the damaged lung tissue and replace it with a healthy lung from a donor.
Chest pain can lessen by drinking warm water mixed with honey or lemon. This will
relieve sore throat caused by coughing. Staying hydrated can also help with opening the airways
to allow mucus to flow. It is important for patients to get plenty of rest. This involves elevating
the patients head with pillows while they are sleeping to facilitate easier breathing. Patients that
experience headaches can take painkillers, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, to reduce discomfort.
These may also treat fevers and lessen chest discomfort pain. (Pauwels et al 2012). 4 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 5
Conclusion Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease can be easily treated at mild stages, but if left to
persist for a longer time may require more involved and intricate treatment modalities. The
patients should always see their doctors for earliest treatment. These doctors will advise them
promptly on what remedies they should take to avoid worsening of the condition. Educational
training can also be conducted to make the patients cognizant of the signs and symptoms of the
disease. This can be made available local in support groups. The disease should be controlled at
its earliest stages to avoid complications that can make it difficult to treat in future (Pauwels et
al, 2012). 5 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 6 References
Littner, M. R. (2011). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Annals of internal medicine,
154(7), ITC4-1.
Nazir, S. A., & Erbland, M. L. (2009). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Drugs & aging,
26(10), 813-831.
Pauwels, R. A., Buist, A. S., Calverley, P. M., Jenkins, C. R., & Hurd, S. S. (2012). Global
strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine.
(National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, 2013). Health-topics: National Hear Lung and Blood
Institute. Retrieved July 13, 2016, from National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/copd/treatment 6 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 7 7
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