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Alzheimer's Disease Research Paper... 

Please conduct a review of the epidemio

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Alzheimer's Disease Research Paper... 

Please conduct a review of the epidemiological data and scholarly literature regarding your chosen topic; at least10 reliable sources, including at least 6 academic/peer-reviewed journal articles. Your overall goal is to analyze and synthesize information about your topic with an emphasis on health disparities, health equality and a life course (or lifespan) perspective, including information about prevalence, risk and protective factors. Also, you are required to review and critique at least one existing public health program and/or policy regarding your topic, and include your recommendations for the future. Each paper should contain the following:? A key research question or thesis statement for the over-arching focus.? An introduction that clearly describes the relevance of the topic to health and wellness

across the life course.? At least 5 key dimensions of the topic area that is being considered. For example:Prevalence of issue, risk and protective factors, health disparities, health equity, and public health program(s) (or policy).? A conclusion section that ties together the key themes and discusses practice/policy implications and your recommendations.? Each dimension explored (or each section of the paper) should include at least 3 different references in order to demonstrate integration and synthesis of ideas.Your paper should be 10-15 pages in length (12-point font, double-spaced, APA formatting), in addition to a cover page and bibliography. The Online Writing Lab at Purdue University (OWL)has an online guide that explains proper APA citation for all sources. It also offers some helpful information about how to write a research paper. Link to the OWL:https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/658/02/

- Attached are more detailed instruction, grading rubric, sources*

- Please use the 10 sources I have provided and add more if necessary.*

Hershey 1 Annotated Bibliography

 

Barnes, D. E., & Yaffe, K. (2011). The projected effect of risk factor reduction on Alzheimer's

 

Disease prevalence. The Lancet Neurology, 10(9), 819-828. doi:10.1016/s14744422(11)70072-2

 

In this journal article Dr. Barnes and Prof Yaffe explore the projected effect of risk factor

 

reduction on Alzheimer?s disease. The aim of the review was to summarize the evidence

 

regarding seven potential modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer?s disease. These common

 

risk factors were diabetes, hypertension, obesity, smoking, depression, cognitive

 

inactivity, and physical activity. After, calculating population attribute risks and the

 

number of AD cases that might be prevented by risk factor reduction, the researchers

 

found that up to half of AD cases worldwide are potentially caused by these modifiable

 

risk factors. They agree at the end that more public health campaigns targeted at AD risk

 

factor modification should be developed and implemented.

 

As an experienced academic pair, Dr. Barnes and Prof Yaffe were aware of previous

 

general background literature and statics regarding Alzheimer?s disease on an

 

international level. They supported their ideas that there?re concrete risk factors, which

 

greatly influence the development of the disease with search strategy and selection

 

criteria methods. The academic journal article is timely, reliable, descriptive, well

 

researched, and peer-reviewed.

 

The annotation above both summarizes and assesses the scientific journal article in the

 

citation. The first paragraph provides a brief summary of the researchers objectives,

 

pertinent background knowledge, and a summary covering the main points of their work.

 

The second paragraph points out the projects strengths and evaluates its methods and

 

presentation. This particular annotation reflects the source?s importance as a resource

 

filled with detailed statics discussing the effect of risk factors on Alzheimer?s disease

 

prevalence. This source has changed the way I perceive the worldwide scale and

 

prevalence of the disease.

 

Brookmeyer, R., Evans, D. A., Hebert, L., Langa, K. M., Heeringa, S. G., Plassman, B. L., &

 

Kukull, W. A. (2011, January 01). National estimates of the prevalence of Alzheimer?s

 

Disease in the United States. Alzheimer's & Dementia, 7(1), 61-73.

 

doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2010.11.007

 

In this journal article Jack C de la Torre form the Center for Alzheimer?s Research in

 

Arizona, discusses the major cardiovascular risk factors associated with Alzheimer?s

 

disease and how to lessen the catastrophic impact on future US healthcare. The

 

researchers believe some individuals with even very mild memory complaints should Hershey 2 undergo screening using echocardiography and ultrasound. These non-invasive, safe,

 

cost-effective ultrasound techniques can often detect correctable or treatable early lesions

 

involving the heart, which can be a trigger of AD. They firmly believe this clinical

 

approach may have an important impact in reducing the number of new AD cases in the

 

US. The aim of this review is to try and prevent, reverse or at least delay, the onset of

 

clinically significant dementia symptoms.

 

As an experienced researcher, Jack C de la Torre is well learned of current and dated

 

prevalence epidemiologic studies of AD. Their claims that poor cardiovascular health is a

 

major trigger of AD are well supported. Previous scholarly research, and epidemiological

 

data on AD and cardiovascular disease were used to back up their arguments. The

 

academic journal article is timely, reliable, descriptive, well researched, peer-reviewed

 

and there are no conflicts of interest.

 

The annotation above both summarizes and assesses the scientific journal article in the

 

citation. The first paragraph provides a brief summary of the researchers objectives,

 

pertinent background knowledge, and a summary covering the main points of their work.

 

The second paragraph points out the projects strengths and evaluates its methods and

 

presentation. This particular annotation reflects the article?s importance as a source for an

 

Alzheimer?s research paper.

 

Gilligan, A. M., Malone, D. C., Warholak, T. L., & Armstrong, E. P. (2012, November 29).

 

Health Disparities in Cost of Care in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease: An Analysis

 

Across 4 State Medicaid Populations. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and

 

Other Dementias, 28(1), 84-92. doi:10.1177/1533317512467679

 

In this journal article the authors investigate health disparities with respect to cost of care

 

across 4 state Medicaid populations. The researchers outlined the statics of the disease,

 

and then examined the issue of racial/ethnic disparities in Alzheimer?s patients and cost

 

of care rates. Patients were enrolled in a California, Florida, New Jersey, or New York

 

Medicaid programs during 2004, with a diagnosis of Alzheimer?s disease. They found the

 

largest disparities were found between blacks and whites in cost of care. The conclusions

 

were that disparities in cost among minority-to-minority populations were just as

 

prevalent, if not higher, than minority?white disparities. They also, identified the

 

significant drivers of health disparities across the racial groups. They admitted future

 

research should examine these relationships more closely.

 

As an experienced research team, Gilligan, Malone, Warholak, and Armstrong are aware

 

of the general background literature regarding Alzheimer?s disease. They supported their

 

ideas that there are huge racial/ethnic dipartites related to the disease. Scholarly research,

 

and data collection was used successfully to back up the teams arguments. There was a

 

declaration of conflicting interests stating, the authors received no finical support for their Hershey 3 funding. The academic journal article is timely, reliable, descriptive, well researched, and

 

peer-reviewed.

 

The annotation above both summarizes and assesses the scientific journal article in the

 

citation. The first paragraph provides a brief summary of the researchers objectives,

 

pertinent background knowledge, and a summary covering the main points of their work.

 

The second paragraph points out the projects strengths and evaluates its methods and

 

presentation. This particular annotation reflects the source?s importance as a resource

 

filled with general and detailed statics discussing the disparities of Alzheimer?s disease.

 

This source has changed the way I perceive the social and socioeconomic scope of the

 

disease.

 

Karlawish, J. (2011, October 14). Addressing the ethical, policy, and social challenges of

 

Preclinical Alzheimer disease. Neurology, 77(15), 1487-1493.

 

doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e318232ac1a

 

Roberts, J. S., Mclaughlin, S. J., & Connell, C. M. (2014, October 01). Public beliefs and

 

Knowledge about risk and protective factors for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's &

 

Dementia, 10(5), S381-S389. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2013.07.001

 

In this journal article the researchers attempt to assess public beliefs and knowledge

 

surrounding the risk and protective factors for Alzheimer?s disease. A brief survey

 

module was used and added to the Health and Retirement Study, a longstanding national

 

panel study of the U.S. population over the age of 50. The researchers found a potential

 

interest in middle-aged adults and believe further education efforts are needed to address

 

misconceptions about risk and protective factors. As experienced researchers and

 

academics Roberts, McLaughlin, and Connell supported their experiment well with

 

existing scholarly research. They noted the contrasted in previous research on this subject

 

to more recent literature such as their own. Surveys and demographic data were used as

 

methods to come to their conclusions. The academic journal article is timely, reliable,

 

descriptive, well researched, and peer-reviewed. This source reflects views of older

 

adults and potential commonly held misconceptions about AD. I agree that examining a

 

broader range of illness perceptions would also be useful. The annotation shown above

 

helped explain public beliefs and my own misconception about AD risk and protective

 

factors.

 

Rolland, Y., Kan, G. A., & Vellas, B. (2008). Physical Activity and Alzheimer's Disease: From

 

Prevention to Therapeutic Perspectives. Journal of the American Medical Directors

 

In this journal article the authors discuss psychical activity for the prevention of

 

Alzheimer?s disease. The argument is made extensively for physical active and its

 

protective benefits on the brain functioning of elders. Physical activity may also slow Hershey 4 down the course of Alzheimer's disease. Epidemiological research is used to present

 

evidence for lifestyle factors such as inactivity, which may affect the progression of

 

Alzheimer?s disease. Their purpose is to review the literature concerning the correlation

 

between physical activity and its potential impact on the risk of Alzheimer's disease. This

 

review was conducted by identifying the relevant articles published between January

 

1966 and October 2007 using the following key words: Alzheimer, cognitive decline,

 

dementia, physical activity, and exercise. Case-control studies, randomized control trails,

 

basic research, and other epidemiological arguments were also reviewed. Researchers,

 

Rolland, Abellan van Kan, and Vellas concluded that regular physical activity is a key

 

component of successful aging. In addition increasing evidence suggests that an active

 

life has a protective effect on brain functioning in the elderly population. The academic

 

journal article is timely, reliable, descriptive, well researched, peer-reviewed, and has no

 

conflicts of interest.

 

Association, 9(6), 390-405. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2008.02.007

 

Scheltens, P. (2016, July 30). Alzheimer's disease. The Lancet (British Edition), 388(10043),

 

505-517. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01124-1

 

In this journal article the authors discuss the main developments in Alzheimer?s research.

 

They argue that Alzheimer?s disease is the most prevalent cause of dementia, yet

 

researchers still use simple assumptions about the causality of the disease. Instead, the

 

researchers explore age-related, protective, and disease-promoting factors, which interact

 

with the core mechanisms of the disease. In the search for understanding the disease

 

mechanism and keys to treatment, research is moving more into the earliest phase of

 

Alzheimer?s disease. Eventually, they believe there will be a time in which specific antiAlzheimer?s therapies will combine with lifestyle interventions targeting general brain

 

health to jointly fight the disease. This will be achieved through development in rapidly

 

progressing research and technical breakthroughs.

 

As an experienced researchers, Scheltens, Blennow, Breteler, Strooper, Frisoni, Salloway,

 

and Van der Flier are aware the general background literature of Alzheimer?s disease.

 

They support their ideas that more attention should be paid to the onset of early

 

Alzheimer?s disease, rather then later stages. Clinical panels, related scholarly research,

 

epidemiological data, genetic research, biomarkers, imagining and scans are used to back

 

up their arguments. The academic journal article is timely, reliable, descriptive, well

 

researched, and peer-reviewed.

 

The annotation above both summarizes and assesses the scientific journal article in the

 

citation. The first paragraph provides a brief summary of the researchers objectives,

 

pertinent background knowledge, and a summary covering the main points of their work.

 

The second paragraph points out the projects strengths and evaluates its methods and

 

presentation. This particular annotation reflects the source?s importance as an article

 

filled with general and detailed information for a research paper on Alzheimer?s disease.

 

This source has changed the way I look at the various stages of the disease. Hershey

 

Thesis Statement

 

Alzheimer's Disease: Not Just Loss of Memory

 

Alzheimer's Disease: Not Just for the elderly

 

Diagnosis and Treatment of Alzheimer?s Disease: Current Challenges

 

THE CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF ALZHEIMER?S DISEASE: THE SILENT DISEASE

 

Use social health disparities thesis not scientific 5

 

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